Philosophy of Mind

Argumentation Map: Do Computers Have to be Conscious to Think?
Argumentation maps propose to map the detailed structure of major philosophical debates in graphical form. Portions of the map of the "Can Computers Think?" debate are now available online.
http://www.macrovu.com/CCTHowItWork1.html

Arts and Minds
Contains theory and essays by Mayer Spivack. Primarily emphasizes human cognition, animal cognition, associative reasoning (syncretic reasoning), creativity, learning and learning disability.
http://artsandminds.typepad.com/artsandminds/

Artur's Philosophy of Mind group
ICQ chat and forum on philosophy of mind, including the mind-body problem, free will, cognition, and perception.
http://web.icq.com/groups/group_details?gid=11992318

An atheist philosophy beyond the "bright" attitude
The naturalism of the Bright Movement is present in Real Dualism, but even an anthropologic analysis that get over the traditional materialism
http://not-only-bright.exactpages.com

Behavior and Philosophy
A peer reviewed journal devoted to the philosophical, metaphysical, and methodological foundations of the study of behavior, brain, and mind. Articles from more recent volumes are available for free online. Published by the Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies.
http://www.behavior.org/journals_BP/index.cfm?page=http%3A//www.behavior.org/journals_BP/BP_welcome.cfm

Behavioral & Prints Archive
Articles on the subject of philosophy of mind.
http://www.bbsonline.org/view-phil-mind.html

Books about Philosophy of Mind
Commentaries on books and ideas from philosophers of mind including Patricia Churchland, Terrence Sejnowski, Paul Churchland, Ned Block, Owen Flanagan, Daniel Dennett, Georges Rey.
http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/System/8870/books/philo.html

Center for Consciousness Studies at the University of Arizona.
The main institutional center for Consciousness Studies. Host of the Tucson "Toward a Science of Consciousness" conferences, and periodically stages on-line courses on aspects of Consciousness Studies.
http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/

Centre for the Study of Perceptual Experience
Information on Centre personnel, research and activities including conferences, seminars and reading groups, which focus on philosophy of mind and perception.
http://www.gla.ac.uk/Acad/Philosophy/CSPE/

Cognitive Science
The interdisciplinary study of mind and intelligence. From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by Paul Thagard..
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/cognitive-science/

Computing Machinery and Intelligence
The classic 1950 article by Alan Turing on machine intelligence, where he introduces the famous Turing test.
http://www.abelard.org/turpap/turpap.htm

Connectionism
Movement in cognitive science which hopes to explain human intellectual abilities using artificial neural networks. From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by James W. Garson.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/connectionism/

Consciousness and Intentionality
Discussion of the connection between phenomenal consciousness and intentionality; by Charles Siewert.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consciousness-intentionality/

Daniel C. Dennett - publications and preprints.
This page makes available online versions of many recent (1987-1997) published and unpublished articles, and reviews, by this influential and unusually readable philosopher (and by some of his associates).
http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/pubpage.htm

David Chalmers Chat Transcript
Transcript from a live online chat with David Chalmers on September 25th 2002.
http://www.iscid.org/davidchalmers-chat.php

The Doomsday Simulation Argument
A compact response to both Leslie's doomsday argument and Bostrom's simulation argument, by I.A. Aranyosi [PDF]
http://www.personal.ceu.hu/students/03/Istvan_Aranyosi/Doomsday Simulation/The Doomsday Simulation Argument by I.A. Aranyosi.pdf

Dualism: Papers
Articles on dualism and parapsychology by John Beloff.
http://moebius.psy.ed.ac.uk/~dualism/papers/

The Efficacy of Mind in General
Analytical demonstration by Titus Rivas of the existence and causal impact of a non-physical, mental memory.
http://www.geocities.com/athanasiafoundation/mentalmemory.html

Eliminative Materialism
The view that some or all of the mental states posited by common-sense do not actually exist; from the Stanford Encyclopedia by William Ramsey.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/materialism-eliminative/

Epiphenomenalism
Discusses the view that mental events are caused by physical events in the brain, but have no effects upon any physical events. From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by William S. Robinson.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epiphenomenalism/

The Experimental Philosophy Page
Information about experimental data gathered by people working in the philosophy of mind.
http://www.unc.edu/~knobe/ExperimentalPhilosophy.html

The Extended Mind
This paper by Andy Clark and David Chalmers proposes an active externalist theory of mind - that when we use tools such as paper or computers to aid in our cognition, they become part of our minds.
http://www.u.arizona.edu/~chalmers/papers/extended.html

External Qualities and Neurological Computation in Perception
Titus Rivas discusses the view that the phenomenal qualities of perception might in theory exist not only in the subjective mind but in physical reality as well.
http://www.geocities.com/athanasiafoundation/qualities.html

A Field Guide to the Philosophy of Mind
Survey articles on key issues in the field, and an annotated bibliography.
http://host.uniroma3.it/progetti/kant/field/

Higher-order Theories of Consciousness
Theories which explain conscious states by their relations to higher-order representations of them; from the Stanford Encyclopedia by Peter Carruthers.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consciousness-higher/

Hyponoeticism - New Philosophy of Mind
A New and Challenging Philosophy of Mind.
http://www.hyponoesis.org/

The Identity Theory of Mind
Evaluates the theory that holds that states and processes of the mind are identical to states and processes of the brain. From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by J. J. C. Smart.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mind-identity/

Kant's Error about Rational Psychology: Psychical Appearance and Reality
Titus Rivas discusses the identity theory of brain and mind in the context of the Kantian general rejection of ontology.
http://www.geocities.com/athanasiafoundation/Kant.html

Living philosophy from a modern thinker
Includes a study of belief, mind, relativity, sign systems and matter. Philosophy is integrated with psychology and science.
http://www.modern-thinker.co.uk

Matter and Aither
The man's presumptuousness considers always that the reality is only one, that accessible to his senses, his intellection and his instrumental of investigation tools. But the things are really so? In MatterAither the foundations of the real dualism (as philosophy of anthropic dual reality)are exposed. The conception of a dual human reality(approximately: to live and to feel)is born on atheistic base.
http://it.geocities.com/reason_v_psyche/

Mental Images: Philosophical Psychology
Introductory and advanced material on the imagery debate, cognitive science, and metaphysical issues.
http://www.gis.net/~tbirch

Mental Representation
A mental representation is a mental object with semantic properties. According to the Representational Theory of Mind, psychological states are to be understood as relations between agents and mental representations. Article from the Stanford Encyclopedia, by David Pitt.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mental-representation/

Metasubjective Cognition Beyond the Brain
Titus Rivas' essay show that an exhaustive conceptual representation of phenomenal consciousness in the brain is impossible.
http://www.geocities.com/athanasiafoundation/metasubjectivemind.html

Mind and Body: Rene Descartes to William James
By Robert H. Wozniak, Bryn Mawr College. History of philosophical and scientific reactions to "the Cartesian impasse". Spanish translation available.
http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/exhibitions/Mind/

Mind and Mechanism - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews
Varol Akman reviews this book by Drew V. McDermott.
http://ndpr.nd.edu/review.cfm?id=1149

Multiple Realizability
Discusses the contention that a given mental kind (property, state, event) is realized by distinct physical kinds. From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by John Bickle.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/multiple-realizability/

Neuropsychology and Personalist Dualism
Titus Rivas discusses alleged empirical evidence against the ontological tradition of substantialist dualism, such as data of split-brain research.
http://www.geocities.com/athanasiafoundation/Dualismlives.htm

Non-Cartesian Cognitive Science.
Many helpfully categorized links and introductory material concerning embodied/situated approaches to cognition, ranging from Artificial Life research to Existentialism. By Ronald Lemmen.
http://www.magneticfields.org/sky/aarc/noncartesian.html

Panpsychism
The doctrine that mind is a fundamental feature of the world which exists throughout the universe; from the Stanford Encyclopedia by William Seager.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/panpsychism/

Parsimony and the Mind
The principle of parsimony and its application to the mind-body problem
http://www.tk421.net/essays/simple.html

PCID Philosophy of Mind Issue
A special issue of the Open Source online journal Progress in Complexity, Information, and Design (PCID) containing eight essays outlining non-reductive theories of the mind.
http://www.iscid.org/pcid/2003/2/3/pcid_contents_2003_2_3.php

The Philosophy and Future of AI
A personal perspective, with many links, from Artificial Intelligence researcher Mark Humphrys.
http://www.compapp.dcu.ie/~humphrys/philosophy.html

PhilosophyofMind.info
An overview of the philosophy of mind. Explores the various theories of mind, and of how the mental relates to the physical.
http://www.philosophyofmind.info/

The Pre-History of Cognitive Science
An annotated bibliography of the models of human cognition of Berkeley, Burton, Hobbes, and Locke. (More figures from the seventeenth through nineteenth centuries are promised.)
http://www.rc.umd.edu/cstahmer/cogsci/

Reflections on Language and Mind
Article by Daniel Dennett (1996).
http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/sheffield.htm

The Simulation Argument
Site examining the hypothesis that we are currently living in an "ancestor simulation" run by a future, post-human society. Includes papers and research links.
http://www.simulation-argument.com/

Simulation, Consciousness, Existence
A view on consciousness, universal existence, nothingness, reality.
http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm/project.archive/general.articles/1998/SimConEx.98.html

The Society for Philosophy and Psychology (SPP).
The leading U.S. organization for discussion between (analytic) philosophers and (mainly cognitively oriented) psychologists.
http://www.hfac.uh.edu/cogsci/spp/spphp.html

Squashed Descartes
Condensed edition of Descartes' 'Meditations', with study notes and glossary.
http://www.btinternet.com/~glynhughes/squashed/descartes.htm

Stanford Encyclopedia - The Computational Theory of Mind
The philosophical theory that the mind is, or functions like, a computer; by Steven Horst.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/computational-mind/

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - The Turing Test
Proposal due to Alan Turing for a criterion of the presence of mind or consciousness; by Graham Oppy and David Dowe.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/turing-test/

SWIF Philosophy of Mind
Bibliographies by topic and author, event listings, online texts, new books (with links), and many links to online reference works, relevant institutions, journal home pages, and other sites.
http://lgxserver.uniba.it/lei/mind/home.htm

The Unity of Consciousness
History and philosophical accounts of unity of consciousness; from the Stanford Encyclopedia by Andrew Brook.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consciousness-unity/