History

Ancient Geometry and Insights into Math History
Topics include background in Babylonian, Euclid, Al'Khwarizmi, pi, and trigonometry. Also has recreations and java chat.
http://members.aol.com/bbyars1/contents.html

Ancient Math Papers Restored
Thanks to new imaging technology, part of the remains of a private library, owned by Roman statesman and Julius Caesar's father-in-law, may now be read. These papers were original discovered in 1752 in the town of Herculaneum.
http://plus.maths.org/issue14/news/papyri/

The Art of Renaissance Science
Discusses how art and architecture were influenced by mathematical concepts, such as perspective. Includes photo examples.
http://www.mcm.edu/academic/galileo/ars/arshtml/arstoc.html

A Brief History of Algebra and Computing
By Oxford professor, Jonathan Bowen. Discusses origins in ancient Greece, Arabia and England, analytical machines, boolean algebra, and recent developments in the field.
http://vmoc.museophile.org/algebra/

Earliest Known Uses of Some of the Words of Mathematics
Shows who coined a wide variety of commonly used terms. Organized by first letter.
http://members.aol.com/jeff570/mathword.html

Earliest Uses of Mathematical Symbols
Discusses first known appearances of common expressions, such as operations, variables and trigonometric functions.
http://members.aol.com/jeff570/mathsym.html

Euclid and His Heritage
A conference on the occasion of the publication, for the first time, of a complete digital edition of the oldest surviving manuscript of Euclid's Elements. St. Catherine's College, Oxford, UK; 7--8 October 2005.
http://www.claymath.org/euclid/

The Euler 2004 Conference
Portsmouth, RI, USA; 8--11 August 2004.
http://home.adelphi.edu/~bradley/EulerSociety/home.html

Galois Translation Project (GTP)
This Site contains original correspondence, official documents and school reports of the mathematician Evariste Galois. This site provides a platform to translate these documents.
http://www.galois-group.net/gtp/

Glimpses of History
A poetic rendition of the key events in the development of the field that have taken place over the years.
http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/maths/subsites/huxley/history.html

Green Lion Press
An independent book publisher specializing in source materials history of mathematics and history of science. Includes list of publications available and contact information.
http://www.greenlion.com/

Historia Matematica
A forum which provides a virtual environment for scholarly discussion of the History of Mathematics, amongst professionals, and non-professionals with a serious interest in the field. A bilingual site (Spanish and English).
http://www.chasque.apc.org/jgc/history/MH6.htm

Historia Mathematica
Elsevier journal about early mathematical discoveries. Includes table of contents and abstracts.
http://authors.elsevier.com/JournalDetail.html?PubID=622841

History and Overview
Front for the Mathematics Arxiv of eprints section HO: biographies, philosophy of mathematics, mathematics education, recreational mathematics, communication of mathematics.
http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/math.HO

History of Mathematics.
Includes classic texts by Hilbert and Euclid (a Java enhanced version of the Elements) a chronology, and links.
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/

History of Mathematics - Facets of India
Includes history of algebra trigonometry, numerical mathematics, and geometry in this region.
http://www.geocities.com/dipalsarvesh/mathematics.html

History of Mathematics: China
An overview. Includes a chronology of mathematicians and mathematical works, online references and a bibliography
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/china.html

History of Mathematics in India
Describes Indian mathematicians such as Aryabhatta - who modelled the solar system, Bhaskar, Varahamira, and others who made important contributions in the fields of trigonometry, algebra, and classical analysis.
http://members.tripod.com/~INDIA_RESOURCE/mathematics.htm

The History of the Calculus and the Development of Computer Algebra Systems
Discusses development of integral and derivative calculus from the 17th century. Features contributions by key western mathematicians. Includes examples of selected problems and how they were originally solved in earlier times. Also, covers the historic background to computer algebraic systems.
http://www.math.wpi.edu/IQP/BVCalcHist/calctoc.html

India's Contribution to Ancient Mathematics
Discusses the nation's early development of geometric concepts, algorithms, algebraic ideas and the idea of zero. Also, explains how these ideas may have traveled westward after some invasions from Arabic countries in the 13th century.
http://mathemajik.tripod.com/article/mathematics.html

Math History Timeline - Pre-historic and Ancient Times
La Hababra high school page includes dates for important developments in the field of mathematics that occurred from approximately 1,000,000 B.C. to 500 A.D. Also, has an accompanying timeline for general historic events.
http://lahabra.seniorhigh.net/pages/teachers/pages/math/timeline/MpreAndAncient.html

Mathematics in Latvia throughout the Centuries
Covers the early mathematical development in the country, such as the use of geometrical symbols. Includes discussion of influential works of local mathematicians.
http://www.math.cornell.edu/~dtaimina/mathinlv.html

MathWorld: History
Descriptions and links relating to various historical problems and topics in mathematics.
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/topics/History.html

Mechanical Aids to Computation and the Development of Algorithms
Article summarizing and illustrating early methods of counting and representing of numbers.
http://www.csc.liv.ac.uk/~ped/teachadmin/histsci/htmlform/lect2.html

Mechanical Aids to Computation and the Development of Algorithms
Notes to Dr. Paul E. Dunne's math history lecture, with images.
http://www.csc.liv.ac.uk/~ped/teachadmin/histsci/htmlform/slides.html

Mechanical Calculators Prior to the 19th Century
Explains the development and motivation for creating calculating machines and algorithms.
http://www.csc.liv.ac.uk/~ped/teachadmin/histsci/htmlform/lect3.html

Mesopotamian Mathematics - 8000 B.C. to 364 A.D.
Discusses the development of numbers, addition tables, exercise problems and solutions for quadratic equations in one of oldest known civilizations.
http://it.stlawu.edu/~dmelvill/mesomath/index.html

Original Documents on the History of Calculators
Contains HTML versions of some original documents related to the history of calculators.
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Horizon/1404/

The Princeton Mathematics Community in the 1930s
An oral history project with supporting on-line documents and links.
http://infoshare1.princeton.edu/libraries/firestone/rbsc/finding_aids/mathoral/math.html

Renaissance Mathematics
Discusses the technological, commercial and political reasons for the increase in mathematical development during this period.
http://www.idbsu.edu/courses/hy309/projects/math.html

Roman Numerals and Roman Dates
Includes conversion tables, historical background and a demonstration on how to express the year 1999 in Roman numerals.
http://www.wilkiecollins.demon.co.uk/roman/front.htm

Sangaku
Japanese votive tablets featuring mathematical problems. Examples with pictures and further resources.
http://www.sangaku.info/

Sketches of a History of Hypercomplex Numbers
Detailed timeline of the development of hypercomplex numbers, from early discoveries of complex numbers to modern developments. Includes links to biographies and complete bibliography.
http://history.hyperjeff.net/hypercomplex

Symbol, Form and Number in Ancient Egypt
Includes math examples from the Rhind papyrus and Babylonian tablets. Also, discusses early Egyptian mythology.
http://www.seshat.ch/

Vatican Exhibit: Ancient Mathematics
Library of Congress. Includes articles and original document images of early Greek contributions to the field.
http://www.ibiblio.org/expo/vatican.exhibit/exhibit/d-mathematics/Greek_math.html

Vedic Mathematics- Ancient Indian Mathematics
The site gives an idea about what is Vedic Mathematicsa - a long forgotten technique for mathematical calculations! The basic roots of Vedic mathematics lie in Vedas (written around 1500-900 BCE) which are a treasure house of knowledge and human experience-both secular and spiritual.
http://www.sanalnair.org/articles/index-ved.htm

Washington Post: The Search for Infinity
Discusses the development of the concept of infinity from the early Greeks of the fifth to the second century B.C. Covers the important findings of Zenos, the Pythagorean school, Eudoxus and Archimedes.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/books/chap1/mysteryaleph.htm

Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea
A concise and appealing look at the strangest number in the universe. By Charles Seife.
http://www.users.cloud9.net/~cgseife/zero.html

Twenty-Five Years with Nicolas Bourbaki
Article by Armand Borel from a lecture at Bochum in September 1996 in honour of R.Remmert. <small>(March, 1998)</small>
http://www.ega-math.narod.ru/Bbaki/Bourb3.htm